Anatomy and Physiology II Practice Test

The role of carbonic anhydrase in the body is primarily to facilitate the conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) into carbonic acid (H2CO3). This enzyme is critical in the process of respiration and maintaining acid-base balance in the body. The reaction it catalyzes is reversible, allowing carbonic acid to dissociate into bicarbonate (HCO3-) and protons (H+), which is essential for buffering the blood and tissues. This buffering action helps to stabilize pH levels despite fluctuations due to metabolic processes.

In the lungs, this conversion plays a vital role in expelling carbon dioxide from the bloodstream as it’s converted back into CO2 for exhalation. In addition, in the tissues, it helps to facilitate the uptake of CO2 produced by cellular metabolism, ensuring efficient gas exchange. The proper functioning of carbonic anhydrase thus supports both respiratory and metabolic processes, showcasing its importance in homeostasis.